STONE FENCE

Vermont, 1775.

HIGHBALL
ETHANOL 19 G135 KCAL FROM ETHANOL7.41 OZ SERVED

SPEC

2 oz · 60 mlBOURBON40 %
2 dashesANGOSTURA BITTERS44 %
5 oz · 150 mlAPPLE CIDER

1 oz taken as 30 ml in the metric column.

METHOD

  1. 01BUILD BOURBON + BITTERS IN A HIGHBALL OVER ICE
  2. 02TOP WITH COLD HARD CIDER
  3. 03GARNISH WITH AN APPLE WEDGE + CINNAMON STICK

1 oz taken as 30 ml in the metric column.

STRENGTH // WORKED

Pre-batch7.06 oz mixed with ice, 0.83 oz of it pure alcohol
MeltBuilt in the glass: +5 % of the pre-batch, +0.35 oz of water
Served7.06 + 0.35 = 7.41 oz in the glass
Strength0.83 ÷ 7.41 = 11.1 % ABV as served
Ethanol0.83 oz × 29.57 ml × 0.789 g/ml = 19 g · about 135 kcal from the alcohol alone

IN THE GLASS

VANILLIN

FROM BOURBON · from oak barrel aging

Formula
C₈H₈O₃
Mass
152.15 g/mol
IUPAC
4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde

Bourbon's fingerprint, extracted from the charred American oak the law requires for aging. Same molecule as the vanilla bean's signature, so a well-aged bourbon legitimately tastes like vanilla. Chemistry, not metaphor. Cognac, aged rum, tequila reposado all extract vanillin from oak too. Different barrels, same molecule.

PHLORIDZIN

FROM HARD CIDER · the apple polyphenol

Formula
C₂₁H₂₄O₁₀
Mass
436.41 g/mol
IUPAC
1-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one

The apple-skin polyphenol, the molecule that gives hard cider its astringent backbone and tannic structure. Concentrated in skin and core, so cider pressed from whole apples carries far more than juice made from peeled fruit. Pharmacologically interesting too: phloridzin blocks intestinal glucose absorption, which is the mechanism modern SGLT2-inhibitor diabetes drugs took their inspiration from.

GENTIOPICROSIDE

FROM ANGOSTURA

Formula
C₁₆H₂₀O₉
Mass
356.33 g/mol
IUPAC
(3S,4R)-4-ethenyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,6-dihydro-3H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-8-one

The bitter from gentian root, used across Campari, Aperol, sweet vermouth, Angostura, and most amari. Bitter compounds activate TAS2R taste receptors that evolved to detect plant alkaloids. The same machinery that makes broccoli taste bad to children also makes a Negroni taste like an adult ordered it.

CHEMISTRY

Bourbon, Angostura and hard cider. Apple phloridzin, cider yeast autolysates and bourbon vanillin make an autumn-American combination. It is said to have been Ethan Allen's drink before the 1775 capture of Fort Ticonderoga.

PROVENANCE

Said to be the drink Ethan Allen and the Green Mountain Boys downed before crossing Lake Champlain to capture Fort Ticonderoga from the British on May 10, 1775; possibly mythologized. Hard cider was the universal American beverage of the 18th century; rum was its spirit then; whiskey took over in 19th-century versions such as Jerry Thomas's of 1862. The Stone Fence is one of the few documented Revolutionary-era cocktails to survive into the modern repertoire. David Wondrich's 2007 Imbibe! brought it back to working bartenders.

WHISKEY // NEARBY